10-Ball Rules
Ten ball is a call shot game played with ten object balls numbered one through ten and the cue ball. The balls are played in ascending numerical order and the lowest numbered ball must be contacted by the cue ball in order to establish a legal hit. If the ten ball is pocketed on a legal break shot, it will be spotted and the player continues with his inning. Only one ball may be called on each shot, except on the break shot where no ball may be called.
Determining the Break: The player who wins the lag chooses who will break the first rack. The standard format is to alternate the break.
Ten Ball Rack: The object balls are racked as tightly as possible in a triangular shape, with the one ball at the apex of
the triangle and on the foot spot and the ten ball in the middle of the triangle. The other balls will be
placed in the triangle without purposeful or intentional pattern.
Legal Break Shot: The following rules apply to the break shot: (a) the cue ball begins in hand behind the head string; and
(b) if no ball is pocketed, at least four object balls must be driven to one or more rails, or the shot is a foul.
Second Shot of the Rack – Push Out: If no foul is committed on the break shot, the shooter may choose to play a “push out” as his shot but he must make his intention known to the opponent. If no foul is committed on a push out, the other player chooses who will shoot next. The ten ball pocketed during a Push Out is spotted, without penalty.
Call Shots & Pocketing Balls: Whenever the shooter is attempting to pocket a ball (except the break) he is required to call shots, the intended ball and pocket must be indicated for each shot if they are not obvious. Details of the shot, such as cushions struck or other balls contacted or pocketed are irrelevant. For a called shot to count, the opponent must be satisfied that the intended shot was made, so if there is any chance of confusion, e.g. with bank, combination and similar shots, the shooter should indicate the ball and pocket. If the opponent is unsure of the shot to be played, he may ask for a call.
Safety: The shooter, after the break at anytime may call “safety” which permits him/her to make contact with the legal object ball without pocketing a ball and end his inning. However, if the shooter pockets the legal object ball the incoming player has the option to play the shot as left, or hand it back to his opponent.
Wrongfully Pocketed Balls: If a player misses his intended ball and pocket, and either makes the nominated ball in the wrong pocket or pockets another ball, his inning has finished and the incoming player has the option to take the shot as is, or hand it back to his opponent.
Continuing Play: If the shooter legally pockets a called/nominated ball on a shot (except a push out), any additional balls pocketed remain pocketed (except the ten ball), and he continues at the table for the next shot. If he legally pockets the called ten ball on any shot (except a push out), he wins the rack. If the shooter fails to pocket the called ball or fouls, play passes to the other player, and if no foul was committed, the incoming player must play the cue ball from the position left by the other player.
Spotting Balls: If the ten ball is pocketed on a foul a push out or during the break shot, or without calling it, or accidentally in the wrong pocket, or driven off the table, it is spotted. No other object ball is ever spotted.
Standard Fouls: If the shooter commits a standard foul, play passes to his opponent. The cue ball is in hand, and the incoming player may place it anywhere on the playing surface. The following are standard fouls at ten ball: (a) cue ball scratch or off the table (b) wrong ball first (c) no rail after contact (d) no foot on the floor (e) ball driven off the table (f) double hit (g) push through (h) shooting while balls are still moving (i) bad cue ball placement (j) cue stick on table (k) playing out of turn (l) slow play.
Serious Fouls: For three consecutive fouls, the penalty is loss of the current rack. For unsportsmanlike conduct, the tournament director will choose a penalty appropriate given the nature of the offense.
Stalemate: If the tournament director observes that no progress is being made towards a conclusion, he will announce his decision, and each player will have three more turns at the table. Then, if the tournament director determines that there is still no progress, he will declare a stalemate. If both players agree, they may accept the stalemate without taking their three additional turns. If a stalemate occurs the original breaker of the rack will break again.
Determining the Break: The player who wins the lag chooses who will break the first rack. The standard format is to alternate the break.
Ten Ball Rack: The object balls are racked as tightly as possible in a triangular shape, with the one ball at the apex of
the triangle and on the foot spot and the ten ball in the middle of the triangle. The other balls will be
placed in the triangle without purposeful or intentional pattern.
Legal Break Shot: The following rules apply to the break shot: (a) the cue ball begins in hand behind the head string; and
(b) if no ball is pocketed, at least four object balls must be driven to one or more rails, or the shot is a foul.
Second Shot of the Rack – Push Out: If no foul is committed on the break shot, the shooter may choose to play a “push out” as his shot but he must make his intention known to the opponent. If no foul is committed on a push out, the other player chooses who will shoot next. The ten ball pocketed during a Push Out is spotted, without penalty.
Call Shots & Pocketing Balls: Whenever the shooter is attempting to pocket a ball (except the break) he is required to call shots, the intended ball and pocket must be indicated for each shot if they are not obvious. Details of the shot, such as cushions struck or other balls contacted or pocketed are irrelevant. For a called shot to count, the opponent must be satisfied that the intended shot was made, so if there is any chance of confusion, e.g. with bank, combination and similar shots, the shooter should indicate the ball and pocket. If the opponent is unsure of the shot to be played, he may ask for a call.
Safety: The shooter, after the break at anytime may call “safety” which permits him/her to make contact with the legal object ball without pocketing a ball and end his inning. However, if the shooter pockets the legal object ball the incoming player has the option to play the shot as left, or hand it back to his opponent.
Wrongfully Pocketed Balls: If a player misses his intended ball and pocket, and either makes the nominated ball in the wrong pocket or pockets another ball, his inning has finished and the incoming player has the option to take the shot as is, or hand it back to his opponent.
Continuing Play: If the shooter legally pockets a called/nominated ball on a shot (except a push out), any additional balls pocketed remain pocketed (except the ten ball), and he continues at the table for the next shot. If he legally pockets the called ten ball on any shot (except a push out), he wins the rack. If the shooter fails to pocket the called ball or fouls, play passes to the other player, and if no foul was committed, the incoming player must play the cue ball from the position left by the other player.
Spotting Balls: If the ten ball is pocketed on a foul a push out or during the break shot, or without calling it, or accidentally in the wrong pocket, or driven off the table, it is spotted. No other object ball is ever spotted.
Standard Fouls: If the shooter commits a standard foul, play passes to his opponent. The cue ball is in hand, and the incoming player may place it anywhere on the playing surface. The following are standard fouls at ten ball: (a) cue ball scratch or off the table (b) wrong ball first (c) no rail after contact (d) no foot on the floor (e) ball driven off the table (f) double hit (g) push through (h) shooting while balls are still moving (i) bad cue ball placement (j) cue stick on table (k) playing out of turn (l) slow play.
Serious Fouls: For three consecutive fouls, the penalty is loss of the current rack. For unsportsmanlike conduct, the tournament director will choose a penalty appropriate given the nature of the offense.
Stalemate: If the tournament director observes that no progress is being made towards a conclusion, he will announce his decision, and each player will have three more turns at the table. Then, if the tournament director determines that there is still no progress, he will declare a stalemate. If both players agree, they may accept the stalemate without taking their three additional turns. If a stalemate occurs the original breaker of the rack will break again.
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